Eventos de seguridad clínica asociados a catéter venoso central en pacientes adultos y su impacto económico en una IPS de alta complejidad de Santiago de Cali, 2023
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Date
2024
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Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Cali
Abstract
El análisis de costos en salud es un elemento clave para la toma de decisiones y la sostenibilidad financiera de las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud. Los eventos adversos asociados al uso de catéteres venosos centrales (CVC) representan una carga significativa debido a complicaciones como infecciones del torrente sanguíneo, trombosis y neumotórax, que prolongan la estancia hospitalaria e incrementan la necesidad de intervenciones médicas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la frecuencia, causas e impacto económico de los eventos adversos relacionados con el CVC en pacientes adultos atendidos en una institución de alta complejidad en Santiago de Cali durante el segundo semestre de 2023. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, observacional y analítico en 205 pacientes, evaluando historias clínicas y registros de costos hospitalarios. Se identificó una incidencia de eventos adversos del 16%, con las infecciones del torrente sanguíneo como la complicación más frecuente (6,83%). El análisis económico reveló un costo promedio de manejo de eventos adversos de $3.726.897 por paciente, siendo las infecciones del torrente sanguíneo las más costosas, con un promedio de $7.688.830 por paciente, debido al uso de antibióticos. Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de implementar estrategias de prevención, como la estandarización de protocolos, la capacitación del personal y la creación de equipos especializados en accesos vasculares. Se estima que la aplicación de estas medidas podría reducir la incidencia de complicaciones y generar un ahorro significativo en costos hospitalarios, mejorando tanto la seguridad del paciente como la eficiencia operativa de la institución
Healthcare cost analysis is a key element for decision-making and the financial sustainability of healthcare providers. Adverse events associated with the use of central venous catheters (CVCs) represent a significant burden due to complications such as bloodstream infections, thrombosis, and pneumothorax, which prolong hospital stays and increase the need for medical interventions. This study aimed to determine the frequency, causes, and economic impact of CVC-related adverse events in adult patients treated at a high-complexity institution in Santiago de Cali during the second half of 2023. A retrospective, observational, and analytical study was conducted in 205 patients, evaluating medical records and hospital cost records. An incidence of adverse events of 16% was identified, with bloodstream infections as the most frequent complication (6.83%). The economic analysis revealed an average cost of managing adverse events of $3,726,897 per patient, with bloodstream infections being the most expensive, with an average of $7,688,830 per patient, due to the use of antibiotics. The findings underscore the need to implement prevention strategies, such as protocol standardization, staff training, and the creation of specialized vascular access teams. It is estimated that the implementation of these measures could reduce the incidence of complications and generate significant savings in hospital costs, improving both patient safety and the operational efficiency of the institution.
Healthcare cost analysis is a key element for decision-making and the financial sustainability of healthcare providers. Adverse events associated with the use of central venous catheters (CVCs) represent a significant burden due to complications such as bloodstream infections, thrombosis, and pneumothorax, which prolong hospital stays and increase the need for medical interventions. This study aimed to determine the frequency, causes, and economic impact of CVC-related adverse events in adult patients treated at a high-complexity institution in Santiago de Cali during the second half of 2023. A retrospective, observational, and analytical study was conducted in 205 patients, evaluating medical records and hospital cost records. An incidence of adverse events of 16% was identified, with bloodstream infections as the most frequent complication (6.83%). The economic analysis revealed an average cost of managing adverse events of $3,726,897 per patient, with bloodstream infections being the most expensive, with an average of $7,688,830 per patient, due to the use of antibiotics. The findings underscore the need to implement prevention strategies, such as protocol standardization, staff training, and the creation of specialized vascular access teams. It is estimated that the implementation of these measures could reduce the incidence of complications and generate significant savings in hospital costs, improving both patient safety and the operational efficiency of the institution.
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Keywords
Análisis de costos en Salud, Catéter venoso central, Eventos adversos, Seguridad del paciente, Health cost análisis, Central venous catheter, Adverse events, Patient safety